鎷�(澹�)妗跨殑鎳�(y墨ng)璁婂拰鑳″厠瀹氬緥

(1)璁婂舰鍙婃噳(y墨ng)璁�

妗夸欢鍙楀埌杌稿悜鎷夊姏鏅�(sh铆)锛岃桓鍚戜几闀�(zh菐ng)锛屾┇鍚戠府鐭�;鍙楀埌杌稿悜澹撳姏鏅�(sh铆)锛岃桓鍚戠府鐭�锛屾┇鍚戜几闀�(zh菐ng)銆傚鍦�3-2銆�

杌稿悜璁婂舰 Δl=l1-l

杌稿悜绶氭噳(y墨ng)璁�ε=Δl/l

姗悜璁婂舰 Δb=b1-b

姗悜绶氭噳(y墨ng)璁� ε'=Δb/b

姝ｈ矤(f霉)铏�(h脿o)瑕�(gu墨)瀹� 浼搁暦(zh菐ng)鐐烘锛岀府鐭偤璨�(f霉)銆�

(2)鑳″厠瀹氬緥

鐣�(d膩ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涗笉瓒呴亷(gu貌)鏉愭枡鐨勬瘮渚嬫サ闄愭檪(sh铆)锛屾噳(y墨ng)鍔涜垏鎳�(y墨ng)璁婃垚姝ｆ瘮銆傚嵆 δ=Eε (3-5)

鎴栫敤杌稿姏鍙婃】浠剁殑璁婂舰閲忚〃绀虹偤 Δl=Fnl/EA (3-6)

寮忎腑EA绋辩偤妗夸欢鐨勬姉鎷�(澹�)鍓涘害锛屾槸琛ㄥ緛妗夸欢鎶垫姉鎷夊褰堟€ц畩褰㈣兘鍔涚殑閲�銆�

鍏紡(3-6)鐨勯仼鐢ㄦ浠讹細

(a)鏉愭枡鍦ㄧ窔褰堟€ц寖鍦嶅収(n猫i)宸ヤ綔

(b)鍦ㄨ▓(j矛)绠�Δl鏅�(sh铆)锛宭闀�(zh菐ng)搴﹀収(n猫i)鍏禢銆丒銆丄鍧囨噳(y墨ng)鐐哄父閲�銆傚妗夸欢涓婂悇娈典笉鍚岋紝鍓囨噳(y墨ng)鍒嗘瑷�(j矛)绠�锛屾眰鍏朵唬鏁�(sh霉)鍜屽緱绺借畩褰�銆�

(3)娉婃澗姣� 鐣�(d膩ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涗笉瓒呴亷(gu貌)鏉愭枡鐨勬瘮渚嬫サ闄愭檪(sh铆)锛屾┇鍚戞噳(y墨ng)璁婅垏杌稿悜鎳�(y墨ng)璁婁箣姣旂殑绲曞皪(du矛)鍊笺€�

琛�1-1 浣庣⒊閶兼媺浼搁亷(gu貌)绋嬬殑鍥涘€�(g猫)闅庢

闅� 娈靛湒1-5涓窔娈电壒寰侀粸(di菐n)瑾�(shu艒) 鏄�

褰堟€ч殠娈祇ab姣斾緥妤甸檺δp

褰堟€фサ闄�δeδp鐐烘噳(y墨ng)鍔涜垏鎳�(y墨ng)璁婃垚姝ｆ瘮鐨勬渶楂樻噳(y墨ng)鍔�

δe鐐轰笉鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熸畼浣欒畩褰㈢殑鏈€楂樻噳(y墨ng)鍔�

灞堟湇闅庢bc灞堟湇妤甸檺δsδs鐐烘噳(y墨ng)鍔涜畩鍖栦笉澶ц€岃畩褰㈤’钁楀鍔犳檪(sh铆)鐨勬渶浣庢噳(y墨ng)鍔�

寮�(qi谩ng)鍖栭殠娈礳e鎶楁媺寮�(qi谩ng)搴�δbδb鐐烘潗鏂欏湪鏂疯鍓嶆墍鑳芥壙鍙楃殑鏈€澶у悕缇╂噳(y墨ng)鍔�

灞€閮ㄥ舰璁婇殠娈礶f鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熼牳绺従(xi脿n)璞″埌瑭︿欢鏂疯

琛�1-2 涓昏鎬ц兘鎸囨(bi膩o)

鎬ц兘鎬ц兘鎸囨(bi膩o)瑾�(shu艒)鏄�

褰堟€ф€ц兘褰堟€фā閲廍鐣�(d膩ng)

寮�(qi谩ng)搴︽€ц兘灞堟湇妤甸檺δs鏉愭枡鍑虹従(xi脿n)椤憲鐨勫鎬ц畩褰�

鎶楁媺寮�(qi谩ng)搴�δb鏉愭枡鐨勬渶澶ф壙杓夎兘鍔�

濉戞€ф€ц兘寤朵几鐜囨潗鏂欐媺鏂锋檪(sh铆)鐨勫鎬ц畩褰㈢▼搴�

鎴潰鏀剁府鐜囨潗鏂欑殑濉戞€ц畩褰㈢▼搴�

寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹁▓(j矛)绠�

瑷辩敤鎳�(y墨ng)鍔� 鏉愭枡姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔瀹硅ū閲囩敤鐨勬渶楂樻噳(y墨ng)鍔�锛岀敱妤甸檺鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涢櫎浠ュ畨鍏ㄧ郴鏁�(sh霉)姹傚緱銆�

寮�(qi谩ng)搴︽浠讹細妲�(g貌u)浠跺伐浣滄檪(sh铆)鐨勬渶澶у伐浣滄噳(y墨ng)鍔涗笉寰楄秴閬�(gu貌)鏉愭枡鐨勮ū鐢ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鍔�銆�

灏�(du矛)杌稿悜鎷変几(澹撶府)妗夸欢

(3-9)

鎸夊紡(1-4)鍙€�(j矛n)琛屽挤(qi谩ng)搴︽牎鏍�銆佹埅闈㈣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佺⒑瀹氳ū鍏嬭級鑽风瓑涓夐寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹁▓(j矛)绠�銆�