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1.绮夌叅鐏扮殑涓昏浣滅敤

绮夌叅鐏板湪娣峰嚌鍦熶腑鐨勪富瑕佷綔鐢ㄨ〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄤ互涓嬪咕鍊�(g猫)鏂归潰:

(1)濉厖楠ㄦ枡椤嗙矑鐨勭┖闅欏苟鍖呰９瀹冨€戝舰鎴愭饯(r霉n)婊戝堡锛岀敱浜庣矇鐓ょ伆鐨勫閲�(琛ㄨ瀵嗗害)鍙湁姘存偿鐨�2/3宸﹀彸锛岃€屼笖绮掑舰濂�(璩�(zh矛)閲忓ソ鐨勭矇鐓ょ伆鍚ぇ閲忕幓鐠冨井鐝�)锛屽洜姝よ兘濉厖寰楁洿瀵嗗(sh铆)锛屽湪姘存偿鐢ㄩ噺杓冨皯鐨勬贩鍑濆湡閲屽挨鍏堕’钁椼€�

(2)灏�(du矛)姘存偿椤嗙矑璧风墿鐞嗗垎鏁ｄ綔鐢�锛屼娇鍏跺垎甯冨緱鏇村潎鍕汇€傜暥(d膩ng)娣峰嚌鍦熸按鑶犳瘮杓冧綆鏅�(sh铆)锛屾按鍖栫珐鎱㈢殑绮夌叅鐏板彲浠ユ彁渚涙按鍒�锛屾槸姘存偿姘村寲鏇村厖鍒�銆�

(3)绮夌叅鐏板拰瀵岄泦鍦ㄩ鏂欓绮掑懆?ch膿)顚勮噸婧茶陡顖梷绲�(ji茅)鏅剁櫦(f膩)鐢熺伀灞辩伆鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屼笉鍍呯敓鎴愬叿鏈夎啝鍑濇€ц唱(zh矛)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐗�(鑸囨按娉ヤ腑纭呴吀楣界殑姘村寲鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╃浉鍚�)锛岃€屼笖鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)浜嗚杽寮辩殑閬�(gu貌)娓″崁(q奴)锛屽皪(du矛)鏀瑰杽娣峰嚌鍦熺殑鍚勯爡(xi脿ng)鎬ц兘鏈夐’钁椾綔鐢�銆�

(4)绮夌叅鐏板欢绶╀簡姘村寲閫熷害锛屾笡灏忔贩鍑濆湡鍥犳按鍖栫啽寮曡捣鐨勬韩鍗�锛屽皪(du矛)闃叉娣峰嚌鍦熺敘(ch菐n)鐢熸韩搴﹁绺崄鍒嗘湁鍒┿€�

(5)绮夌叅鐏伴珮鎬ц兘娣峰嚌鍦熺殑鎬ц兘绮夌叅鐏版槸涓€绋憟鐜荤拑鎱�(t脿i)瀵�(sh铆)蹇冩垨绌哄績鐨勭悆鐙€寰绮�锛屾瘮姘存偿绮掑瓙灏忓緱澶氾紝姣旇〃闈㈢⿳妤靛ぇ锛岃〃闈㈠厜婊戣嚧瀵�锛屽叾鎴愬垎涓昏鏄椿鎬ф哀鍖栫鎴栨哀鍖栭媮銆傛懟鍏ユ贩鍑濆湡涓殑绮夌叅鐏颁富瑕佺敘(ch菐n)鐢熶互涓嬪咕鏂归潰褰遍熆:

a.娲绘€ф晥鎳�(y墨ng):鍦ㄥ父婧笅锛岀敱浜庣矇鐓ょ伆鐨勬按鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)姣旀按娉ユ參锛岃绮夌叅鐏板彇浠ｇ殑閭ｉ儴鍒嗘按娉ョ殑鏃╂湡寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹀緱涓嶅埌瑁�(b菙)鍎�锛屾墍浠ユ贩鍑濆湡鏃╂湡寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹂毃绮夌叅鐏版懟閲忕殑澧炲姞鑰岄檷浣�銆傞毃钁楁檪(sh铆)闁撶殑鎺ㄧЩ锛岀矇鐓ょ伆涓椿鎬ч儴鍒哠iO2鍜孉I2O3鑸囨按娉ユ按鍖栫敓鎴愮殑Ca(OH)2鐧�(f膩)鐢熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀敓鎴愬ぇ閲忔按鍖栫閰稿嚌鑶�銆傜矇鐓ょ伆澶栭儴鐨勪竴浜涙按鍖栫敘(ch菐n)鐗╁湪鎴愰暦(zh菐ng)閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑涔熸渻(hu矛)璞℃ü(sh霉)鏍逛竴妯ｄ几鍏ラ?锛熼殰鍚�?锛屽～鍏呯┖闅�锛岀牬澹炵晫闈㈠崁(q奴)Ca(OH)2鐨勬搰鍎�(y艒u)鍙栧悜鎺掑垪锛屽ぇ澶ф敼鍠勪簡鐣岄潰鍗€(q奴)锛屼績閫�(j矛n)浜嗘贩鍑濆湡鍚庢湡寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾殑澧為暦(zh菐ng)銆�

b.寰泦鏂欏瘑瀵�(sh铆)濉厖鍙婇绮掑舰鎱�(t脿i)鏁堟噳(y墨ng):鍧囧嫽鍒嗘暎鍦ㄦ贩鍑濆湡涓殑绮夌叅鐏伴绮掍笉鏈�(hu矛)澶ч噺鍚告按锛屼笉浣嗚捣钁楁痪鐝犱綔鐢紝鑰屼笖鑸囨按娉ョ矑瀛愮祫鎴愪簡鍚堢悊鐨勫井绱�(j铆)閰�锛屾笡灏戝～鍏呮按?d膩ng)?sh霉)閲�锛屽奖闊跨郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫爢绌嶇媭鎱�(t脿i)锛屾彁楂樺爢绌嶅瘑搴�锛屽叿鏈夋笡姘翠綔鐢紝浣挎柊鎷屾贩鍑濆湡宸ヤ綔鎬�?x煤n)?y艒u)鑹�锛岀‖鍖栨贩鍑濆湡寰祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏇村姞鍧囧嫽瀵嗗(sh铆)銆傝€屼笖锛屼笉鏈�(hu矛)鐧�(f膩)鐢熸硨姘撮洟鏋愮従(xi脿n)璞★紝鍙柦宸ユ€у拰鎶归潰鎬уソ锛屾姉?ji茅)B鎬�銆佹姉鍑嶆€уソ銆�

c.浜や簰浣滅敤:姘存偿銆佺矇鐓ょ伆銆佸鍔犲姂绛変笉鍚岀矇鏂欓枔鏈�(hu矛)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺墿鐞�銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勪氦浜掍綔鐢ㄣ€備緥濡�锛屾按娉ユ按鍖栫敓鎴愮殑Ca(OH)2鏄矇鐓ょ伆鐨勬椿鎬ф縺鐧�(f膩)鍔�锛岃€岃婵€鐧�(f膩)浜嗙殑绮夌叅鐏颁竴鏃︽按瑙ｏ紝闄嶄綆娑茬浉鍫垮害锛屽張鏈�(hu矛)閫�(j矛n)涓€姝ヤ績閫�(j矛n)鏈按鍖栨按娉ユ按鍖�銆傚張濡傛贩鍑濆湡鍧嶈惤搴︾稉(j墨ng)鏅�(sh铆)鎼嶅け鐨勫師鍥犱箣涓€鏄毃钁楁按鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€�(j矛n)琛�锛岄珮鏁堟笡姘村姂鐨勬績搴﹂檷浣庯紝閫氶亷(gu貌)SEM瑙€瀵�锛岀櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)瓒呯窗(x矛)绮夋湯鐨勭矇鐓ょ伆椤嗙矑瀛樺湪澶ч噺姣旇〃闈㈢⿳鐩哥暥(d膩ng)澶х殑寰彔浠ュ強涓€瀹氶噺鐨勫瀛旀捣缍跨媭鐨勪笉瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧皬濉婏紝鍙惛闄勫鍔犲姂锛屾槸澶栧姞鍔戠殑鐞嗘兂杓夐珨鐢变簬绮夌叅鐏版按鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)绶╂參锛屽惛闄勫湪鍏朵笂鐨勯珮鏁堟笡姘村姂鍦ㄧ煭鏅�(sh铆)闁撳収(n猫i)涓嶆渻(hu矛)璧蜂綔鐢�锛屼箣鍚庢墠闅ㄧ矇鐓ょ伆鐨勬按鍖栧緱浠ラ€愭几閲嬫斁锛屽洜姝ゆ柊鎷岀矇鐓ょ伆娣峰嚌鍦熺殑鍧嶈惤搴︾稉(j墨ng)鏅�(sh铆)鎼嶅け灏�銆傚彟澶�锛岀洰鍓嶇敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勬按娉ュ惈鍫块噺涓嶆柗鎻愰珮锛岀矇鐓ょ伆鐨勪娇鐢ㄥぇ澶х瘈(ji茅)绱勬按娉ョ啛鏂�锛屾姂鍒跺牽--楠ㄦ枡鍙嶆噳(y墨ng);姘存偿涓瑿3A鍚噺灏�锛屾按鍖栫敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鐔遍噺灏戯紝娓涘皯浜嗘贩鍑濆湡妲�(g貌u)浠剁敱浜庡収(n猫i)澶栨韩宸亷(gu貌)澶ц€屽紩璧峰叾琛ㄩ潰闁�(k膩i)瑁傜殑鍗遍毆(xi菐n);绮夌叅鐏版按鍖栨秷鑰楀ぇ閲廋a(OH)2,娣峰嚌鍦熶笉鑰愯潟鎴愬垎娓涘皯锛屽洜鑰岃€愬寲瀛�(xu茅)渚佃潟鎬ф瘮鏅€氭贩鍑濆湡寮�(qi谩ng)寰楀銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)寰愯畩銆佸共绺瓑璁婂舰鎬ц兘涔熷劒(y艒u)浜庢櫘閫氭贩鍑濆湡缍滀笂鎵€杩�锛屽ぇ鎽婚噺绮夌叅鐏伴珮鎬ц兘娣峰嚌鍦熷叿鏈変护浜烘豢鎰忕殑宸ヤ綔鎬с€佽€愪箙鎬�锛屽姏瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц兘涔熻兘閬�(d谩)鍒拌ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瑕佹眰锛岀洝绠℃棭鏈熷挤(qi谩ng)搴︿綆锛屼絾鍚庢湡寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹂珮锛屽挤(qi谩ng)搴﹀劜(ch菙)鍌欏ぇ銆傜敤楂樿唱(zh矛)閲忕殑绮夌叅鐏板彇浠ｉ儴鍒嗘按娉ュ彲澶уぇ鏀瑰杽鏂版媽娣峰嚌鍦熺殑宸ヤ綔鎬�锛屽洜?y脿n)?(1)绮夌叅鐏版槸鐢卞ぇ灏忎笉绛夌殑鐞冪媭椤嗙矑鐨勭幓鐠冮珨绲勬垚锛岃〃闈㈠厜婊戣嚧瀵�锛屽湪娣峰嚌鍦熸媽鍚堢墿涓兘璧锋痪鐝犱綔鐢�;(2)鏂版媽娣峰嚌鍦熶腑姘存偿椤嗙矑鏄撹仛闆嗘垚鍦�(tu谩n)锛岀矇鐓ょ伆鐨勬懟鍏ュ彲鏈夋晥鍒嗘暎姘存偿椤嗙矑锛岄噵鏀炬洿澶氱殑婕块珨渚�(l谩i)娼�(r霉n)婊戦鏂�;(3)鑳芥笡灏戠敤姘撮噺锛屼娇娣峰嚌鍦熺殑姘寸伆姣旈檷鍒版洿灏忔按骞�锛屾笡灏戞硨姘村拰闆㈡瀽鐝�(xi脿n)璞�;(4)鍏锋湁鑹ソ鐨勪繚姘存€э紝鏈夊埄浜庢车閫佹柦宸ヨ壇濂界殑宸ヤ綔鎬у彲澶уぇ鏀瑰杽娣峰嚌鍦熺殑澶栬璩�(zh矛)閲�锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)涔熸槸娣峰嚌鍦熷収(n猫i)鍦ㄨ唱(zh矛)閲忕殑淇濊瓑澶ф懟閲忕矇鐓ょ伆娣峰嚌鍦熺殑鑹ソ鐨勫伐浣滄€ц兘锛屽皪(du矛)浜庤В姹虹洰鍓嶆贩鍑濆湡瀛樺湪鐨勮ū澶氬晱(w猫n)椤屾湁寰堥噸瑕佺殑浣滅敤銆傞€氶亷(gu貌)灏�(du矛)绮夌叅鐏版懟閲忎笉鍚岀殑鏂版媽楂樻€ц兘娣峰嚌鍦熼€�(j矛n)琛屽潔钀藉害瑭﹂(y脿n)琛ㄦ槑锛屾懟鍔犵矇鐓ょ伆灏�(du矛)娣峰嚌鍦熷伐浣滄€х殑鏀瑰杽鍗佸垎鏄庨’锛屽悇鎽婚噺绮夌叅鐏版贩鍑濆湡鐨勫潔钀藉害鍧囧ぇ浜庡熀婧�(zh菙n)娣峰嚌涓�銆傚彇浠ｇ巼澶т簬40%浠ュ悗锛岄毃钁楁懟閲忕殑鎻愰珮锛岀敱浜庣矇鐓ょ伆鐨勫瘑搴︽瘮姘存偿灏�锛岃啝鍑濇潗鏂欓珨绌嶅澶э紝闇€姘撮噺鏈�(hu矛)鏈夋墍涓婂崌锛屼絾鍗充娇绮夌叅鐏版懟閲忛珮閬�(d谩)70%,娣峰嚌鍦熷潔钀藉害浠嶅ぇ浜庡熀婧�(zh菙n)娣峰嚌鍦�銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屽湪瀵�(sh铆)韪愪腑鍙湅鍒扮矇鐓ょ伆楂樻€ц兘娣峰嚌鍦熺殑绮樿仛鎬�·淇濇按鎬уソ锛岀劇(w煤)闆㈡瀽娉屾按鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆�

2.绮夌叅鐏板湪娣峰嚌鍦熶腑鐨勬(j墨)鐞嗗垎鏋�

(1)绮夌叅鐏扮殑褰㈡厠(t脿i)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)

绮夌叅鐏扮殑涓昏绀︾墿绲勬垚鏄捣缍跨媭鐜荤拑楂�锛岄媮纭呴吀楣界幓鐠冨井鐝�锛岄€欎簺鐞冪媭鐜荤拑楂旇〃闈㈠厜婊戙€佺矑搴︾窗(x矛)锛岃唱(zh矛)鍦拌嚧瀵�锛屽収(n猫i)姣旇〃闈㈢⿳灏�锛屼笉鍍呬娇姘存偿婕块渶姘撮噺灏�锛岃€屼笖瀹冨€戝線寰€濉厖姘存偿婕块珨瀛旈殭涓�锛屼娇娣峰嚌鍦熷瘑瀵�(sh铆)鎬уぇ澶ф彁楂�锛屾垨鑰呭湪鐩稿悓鐢ㄦ按閲忕殑鎯呮硜涓�锛屽彲澧炲ぇ娴佸嫊(d貌ng)鎬�锛屾敼鍠勫拰鏄撴€у拰鍙车鎬с€�

(2)绮夌叅鐏扮殑寰泦鏂欐晥鎳�(y墨ng)

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(3) 绮夌叅鐏扮殑娲绘€ф晥鎳�(y墨ng)

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