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绶ㄨ集鎺ㄨ枽:2017骞磋€冪爺缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)涔嬭珖锛歁BA鑱�(li谩n)鑰冮洠涓嶉洠?

銆€銆€To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then 1 would have to say yes." Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.

銆€銆€Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable wayin human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.

銆€銆€Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

銆€銆€1. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to .

銆€銆€A. call on scientists to take some actions

銆€銆€B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights

銆€銆€C. warn of the doom of biomedical research

銆€銆€D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement

銆€銆€2. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .

銆€銆€A. cruel but natural

銆€銆€B. inhuman and unacceptable

銆€銆€C. inevitable but vicious

銆€銆€D. pointless and wasteful

銆€銆€3. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's .

銆€銆€A. discontent with animal research

銆€銆€B. ignorance about medical science

銆€銆€C. indifference to epidemics

銆€銆€D. anxiety about animal rights(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€4. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should .

銆€銆€A. communicate more with the public

銆€銆€B. employ hi-tech means in research

銆€銆€C. feel no shame for their cause

銆€銆€D. strive to develop new cures

銆€銆€5. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is -

銆€銆€A. a well-known humanist

銆€銆€B. a medical practitioner

銆€銆€C. an enthusiast in animal rights

銆€銆€D. a supporter of animal research

銆€銆€鍙冭€冪瓟妗堬細ABBAD

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銆€銆€銆愭憳瑕併€戠挵(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍℃彁閱掞細2017骞碝BA鑰冭│宸查€�(j矛n)鍏ュ倷鑰冮殠娈点€傛牴鎿�(j霉)瀛�(xu茅)鍝″皪(du矛)MBA鑰冪爺鑻辫獮(y菙)鍌欒€冨晱(w猫n)椤岀殑鍙嶉锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)鐐洪€�(j矛n)涓€姝ュ姞娣卞ぇ瀹跺皪(du矛)MBA鑰冪爺鑻辫獮(y菙)鍌欒€冪浉闂�(gu膩n)淇℃伅鐨勪簡瑙ｏ紝鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍¤€佸斧鐐哄ぇ瀹舵暣鐞嗕簡“2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀”锛屽笇鏈涘皪(du矛)澶у鏈夋墍骞姪锛岀挵(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″皣鏈�(hu矛)鍙婃檪(sh铆)鐐哄ぇ瀹舵彁渚涙洿澶�2017骞碝BA鑰冭│淇℃伅锛屾暚璜�(q菒ng)闂�(gu膩n)娉�銆�

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銆€銆€For more than two decades, U.S. courts have been limiting affirmative-action programs in universities and other areas. The legal rationale is that racial preferences are unconstitutional, even those intended to compensate for racism or intolerance. For many colleges, this means students can be admitted only on merit, not on their race or ethnicity. It has been a divisive issue across the U.S., as educators blame the prolonged reaction to affirmative-action for declines in minority admissions. Meanwhile, activists continue to battle race preferences in courts from Michigan to North Carolina.(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€Now, chief executives of about two dozen companies have decided to plunge headfirst into this politically unsettled debate. They, together with 36 universities and 7 nonprofitable organizations, formed a forum that set forth an action plan essentially designed to help colleges circumvent court-imposed restrictions on affirmative action. The CEOs’ motive: “Our audience is growing more diverse, so the communities we serve benefit if our employees are racially and ethnically diverse as well”, says one CEO of a compang that owns nine television stations.

銆€銆€Among the steps the forum is pushing: finding creative yet legal ways to boost minority enrollment through new admissions policies; promoting admissions decisions that look at more than test scores; and encouraging universities to step up their minority outreach and financial aid. And to counter accusations by critics to challenge these tactics in court, the group says it will give legal assistance to colleges sued for trying them. “Diversity diminished by the court must be made up for in other legitimate, legal ways,” says, a forum member.

銆€銆€One of the more controversial methods advocated is the so-called 10% rule. The idea is for public universities—which educate three-quarters of all U.S. undergraduates—to admit students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in average urban schools, even if they wouldn’t have made the cut under the current statewide ranking many universities use.

銆€銆€1. U.S. court restrictions on affirmative action signifies that______.

銆€銆€[A]minorities no longer hold the once favored status

銆€銆€[B]the quality of American colleges has improved

銆€銆€[C]racial preferences has replaced racial prejudice

銆€銆€[D]the minority is on an equal footing with the majority

銆€銆€2. What has been a divisive issue across the United States?

銆€銆€[A]Whether affirmative action should continue to exist.

銆€銆€[B]Whether this law is helping minorities or the white majority.

銆€銆€[C]Whether racism exists in American college admission.

銆€銆€[D]Whether racial intolerance should be punished.

銆€銆€3. CEOs of big companies decided to help colleges enroll more minority students because they_____.

銆€銆€[A]think it wrong to deprive the minorities of their rights to receive education

銆€銆€[B]want to conserve the fine characteristics of American nation(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€[C]want a workforce that reflects the diversity of their customers

銆€銆€[D]think it their duty to help develop education of the country

銆€銆€4. The major tactic the forum uses is to_____.

銆€銆€[A]battle the racial preferences in court

銆€銆€[B]support colleges involved in lawsuits of racism

銆€銆€[C]strive to settle this political debate nationwide

銆€銆€[D]find legally viable ways to ensure minority admissions

銆€銆€5. If the 10% rule is applied, ______.

銆€銆€[A]the best white high school students can get into colleges

銆€銆€[B]public universities can get excellent students

銆€銆€[C]students from poor rural families can go to colleges

銆€銆€[D]good minority students can get into public universities

銆€銆€绛旀

銆€銆€1. A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D

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銆€銆€Section 鈪� Use of English

銆€銆€Directions:

銆€銆€Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

銆€銆€There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companies, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth__1__, its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.

銆€銆€In a plan called “Station Renaissance” that it__3__in November, JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books, flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company __10__. So, picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose, but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.

銆€銆€The company also plans to introduce __14__cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money, because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.

銆€銆€1.[A]perspectives [B]outlooks [C]prospects [D]spectacles

銆€銆€2.[A]creatively [B]originally [C]authentically [D]initially

銆€銆€3.[A]displayed [B]demonstrated [C]embarked [D]unveiled

銆€銆€4.[A]go beyond [B]set out [C]come around [D]spread over

銆€銆€5.[A]applications [B]enterprises [C]functions [D]performances

銆€銆€6.[A]districts [B]vicinities [C]resorts [D]locations(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�2017骞碝BA鑰冪爺瑭﹂涔嬭嫳瑾�(y菙)瀹屽瀷瑷�(x霉n)绶寸繏(x铆)椤屽強绛旀)

銆€銆€7.[A]acquired [B]purchased [C]presided [D]attained

銆€銆€8.[A]lodgers [B]tenants [C]dwellers [D]boarders

銆€銆€9.[A]for [B]in [C]of [D]as

銆€銆€10.[A]figures [B]exhibits [C]convinces [D]speculates

銆€銆€11.[A]deprives [B]retrieves [C]spares [D]exempts

銆€銆€12.[A]conjunction [B]convenience [C]department [D]ornament

銆€銆€13.[A]delegated [B]designated [C]devoted [D]dedicated

銆€銆€14.[A]clever [B]smart [C]ingenious [D]intelligent

銆€銆€15.[A]checking [B]gathering [C]holding [D]accommodating

銆€銆€16.[A]as [B]for [C]with [D]of

銆€銆€17.[A]but for [B]as well as [C]instead of [D]more than

銆€銆€18.[A]unique [B]single [C]unitary [D]only

銆€銆€19.[A]devices [B]instruments [C]readers [D]examiners

銆€銆€20.[A]reduce [B]narrow [C]dwarf [D]shrink

銆€銆€绛旀

銆€銆€1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A

銆€銆€11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A

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